CSS 圖片格線 (Grid Gallery)

圖片格線是展示相簿、作品集、產品圖片的常見佈局方式。

基本網格

.gallery {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 8px;
}

.gallery img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 1;    /* 正方形 */
  object-fit: cover;
}

響應式網格

.gallery {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(200px, 1fr));
  gap: 16px;
}

.gallery img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  object-fit: cover;
  border-radius: 8px;
}

auto-fill 會自動填入盡可能多的欄位。

不同比例

16:9 比例

.gallery img {
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  object-fit: cover;
}

4:3 比例

.gallery img {
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  object-fit: cover;
}

完整範例

Instagram 風格

.instagram-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 4px;
}

.instagram-grid img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  object-fit: cover;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .instagram-grid {
    gap: 28px;
  }
}

帶 Hover 效果

.gallery {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(250px, 1fr));
  gap: 16px;
}

.gallery-item {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 8px;
}

.gallery-item img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform 0.3s;
}

.gallery-item:hover img {
  transform: scale(1.1);
}

.gallery-overlay {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  transition: background 0.3s;
}

.gallery-item:hover .gallery-overlay {
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}

.gallery-overlay span {
  color: white;
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(10px);
  transition: all 0.3s;
}

.gallery-item:hover .gallery-overlay span {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

特色圖片（大小不一）

.featured-gallery {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 200px);
  gap: 16px;
}

.featured-gallery img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  border-radius: 8px;
}

/* 第一張大圖 */
.featured-gallery .featured {
  grid-column: span 2;
  grid-row: span 2;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .featured-gallery {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }
}

瀑布流風格

.masonry {
  columns: 4;
  column-gap: 16px;
}

.masonry-item {
  break-inside: avoid;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.masonry-item img {
  width: 100%;
  border-radius: 8px;
}

@media (max-width: 1024px) {
  .masonry {
    columns: 3;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .masonry {
    columns: 2;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .masonry {
    columns: 1;
  }
}

九宮格

.grid-3x3 {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 4px;
  max-width: 600px;
}

.grid-3x3 img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  object-fit: cover;
}

作品集

.portfolio {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(300px, 1fr));
  gap: 24px;
}

.portfolio-item {
  position: relative;
  border-radius: 12px;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.portfolio-item img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform 0.5s;
}

.portfolio-item:hover img {
  transform: scale(1.05);
}

.portfolio-info {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  padding: 20px;
  background: linear-gradient(transparent, rgba(0,0,0,0.8));
  color: white;
  transform: translateY(100%);
  transition: transform 0.3s;
}

.portfolio-item:hover .portfolio-info {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

Lightbox 整合

配合點擊放大查看：

.gallery-item {
  cursor: pointer;
}

.lightbox {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  z-index: 1000;
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transition: all 0.3s;
}

.lightbox.active {
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
}

.lightbox img {
  max-width: 90%;
  max-height: 90vh;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.lightbox-close {
  position: absolute;
  top: 20px;
  right: 20px;
  color: white;
  font-size: 32px;
  cursor: pointer;
}

懶載入考量

大量圖片時建議使用懶載入：

<img src="placeholder.jpg" 
     data-src="actual-image.jpg" 
     loading="lazy"
     alt="圖片描述">

.gallery img {
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 0.3s;
}

.gallery img.loaded {
  opacity: 1;
}